Has Globalization Reinforced or Undermined the Legitimacy...

Has Globalization reinforced or undermined the legitimacy of the nation-state? Globalisation is a phenomenon that has been increasingly used in the lexicon since the latter half of the 1980’s, achieving widespread and common currency amongst politicians, political analysts, academics, economists, the media, business, trade and finance. The term has become synonymous with the â€Å"global village† concept, where nations and states are drawn closer together; where economic, political and cultural spheres extend across the world’s major regions and continents. A world where development in one part of the globe will impact life in another part of the globe. The polemic surrounding the process of globalization has hitherto been a highly†¦show more content†¦Exclusive control meant an end to sharing joint sovereignty with other states, pertaining to their respective domestic jurisdictions. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, as states transformed into nation-states, the Westphalian system came to be regarded as the international system. Therefore with the advent of international relations between states and globalization, it becomes immediately obvious that the Westphalian system is obsolete, although the state survives in a more advanced and robust form. The concept of sovereignty originally intended to establish order within a state at the Peace of Westphalia, has been interpreted as legally, placing the state above the authority of all external laws. However in the real world today, international, political, judicial and practical obligations of states in the international system, such as becoming signatory to an international treaty, or when states are bound to abide by customary international law, the criteria of sovereignty as it was originally conceived in the Seventeenth Century is no longer is tenable. However it is testament to the resilience of sovereignty, that it persists in the age of globalization and manifests in the state’s functions and exercise of domestic law and maintainingShow MoreRelatedThe International Monetary Fund ( Imf ) Essay2250 Words   |  9 Pagescountries that make up the global membership of the organization. These goals make up the IMFs formal rules, the informal rules allow more access for powerful countries, such as the United States and Germany, to set their foreign policy goals through the facade of the IMF. The United States and other powerful nations like Germany, operate on a constraint conditionality that allows them to influence countries based upon their Western ideals and practices of democracy. The IMF requires certain qualificationsRead More3. Counter-Terrorism Strategies Reveal the Limits of Human Rights as a Cosmopolitan Discourse in the Age of Global Terror. Discuss.3315 Words   |  14 Pagesthrough this that human rights were able to be changed and recognised as a standard for global order, regulated through international law. The act of terrorism is not a new concept, and has been responsible for many innocent lives over many years, however not until the attacks on the United States, known as 9/11, has terrorism become such a globalized issue. It was through the symbolic destruction of capitalism, coupled with the vast media outlets to create witnesses that allowed for Western societyRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesD421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the Long Twentieth Century †¢ Jose C. Moya and Adam McKeown 9 †¢ 2 Twentieth-Century Urbanization: In Search of an Urban Paradigm forRead MoreDubais Political and Economic Development: Essay38738 Words   |  155 Pagesand Historical Background Dubais Development History I1 PI1 Explaining Dubai9sDevelopment Outcome Why Not Other Gulf States? Dubai versus the Development Literature IV Dubai in a Cornparatbe Corntext Saudi Arabia Qatar Brunei Conclusion Appendix Bibliography Introduction Dubai, a tiny, oil-exporting city-state located in the Persian Gulf, has recently undergone a remarkable transformation. As a member of a federation of small Arab, Islamic monarchies known as the UnitedRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 PagesUniversity, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughly explaining, analyzing and exploring organization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, AssociateRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesReed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005 by The McGraw−Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of the publisher. This McGraw−HillRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesFrance Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York ß Oxford University Press 2006 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may beRead More Developing Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagestextbook appear on appropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2011, 2007, 2005, 2002, 1998 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,

Truth And Truth About Truth - 985 Words

Truth Over Fact Truth is in the eye of the beholder. Truth and fact seem like equals. Isn’t the truth a fact, no the truth and facts can be complete opposites but still equally important. Truths are what we believe, while facts can be proven. Both truths and facts play important roles in our lives, but truths shape who we are. Facts may change how we do something, but cannot change who we are the way the truth can. Truths change how we approach our lives more than facts ever could. When the truths we believe in change, we change. Truths are important to us because it is what makes us different, if we lived by facts we would be robots, truths are what makes us human. A truth is something that we choose to believe, not just with our head but our heart. Truths affect how we approach our lives, how we communicate with others. When you break someone’s idea of the truth, it is much harder to rebuild than breaking someone’s idea of a fact. Facts are a science , you can use methods to disprove whether something exists or not, whether it is possible. A fact is something like gravity pulls you down, it can be proven. Truths can sometimes be proven to be correct, they can also have no possibility of being of being proven or even correct, but still be a truth. A truth can be anything from telling about the existence of God to telling someone you did it with your crush. The only thing that matters when it comes to the truth is whether you truly believe or not. InShow MoreRelatedTruth And Truth About Truth912 Words   |  4 Pagessomething is the â€Å"truth† the definition of truth may vary from person to person; however, it is generally something that a person believes. What is the nature of this â€Å"truth†? How do us people know when something is the truth? These questions will be answered in this paper using two different approaches and how I interpreted them. In this paper I will describe what truth is and how it is attained by using two different sections of my reference, then I will combine them into what I think truth is as a wholeRead MoreThe Truth And Truth About Truth Essay822 Words   |  4 Pages place their hand on the bible and swear to â€Å"promise to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth†, but if asked what do the scripture that they just say about truth most wouldn’t be able to answer without pause. Can we as a society really say we know what truth is? The postmodernist thinking would have us to believe that there is no absolute moral truth, that truth is essentially political and that religious truth claims are created by belief communities, not by reason or observationRead MoreWhat Is Truth About Truth Essay981 Words   |  4 Pages What is Truth? What is truth? Simply, it is knowing that something is right or wrong. But is it really that easy? The answer is as no. The problem with truth is it has a long history and has been a central issue in epistemology. In the first century, Jesus Christ was on trial, and in the gospel of John, chapter 18:38 Pontius Pilate asked Jesus Christ: ‘And What is Truth’? Ever since then, many philosophers have attempted to answer the question. According to Stanford Encyclopedia of philosophyRead MoreThe Truth About The Mongols956 Words   |  4 PagesIsabella Poma Mr. Schuster World History H 11 October 2017 The Truth about the Mongols The Mongols were a nomadic group that originated in China which was able to spread and conquer numerous empires. They have previously been characterized as barbarians, meaning they were uncivilized, crude, and primitive people. However, although their leader, Genghis Khan, was a very ruthless and violent man, this does not equate the Mongols to being barbaric. The Mongols, led by Genghis Khan, were a civilizedRead MoreThe Truth About The Help1582 Words   |  7 PagesThe Truth About The Help The Help, tells the story of African American maids working in the homes of prominent white southern families in racially volatile Mississippi. The story takes place in the 1960’s during the Civil Rights movement and is a fictional tale of three women; Abilieen, her friend Minnie, both of whom are African American maids, and Eugenia Phelan, nicknamed Skeeter, who all come together to expose what it is like working for these families. Based on my experience growing up inRead MoreThe Truth About Virtue1548 Words   |  7 PagesLillian Hazen Desiring the Truth To wish, to long for, to crave, to want; to desire. It seems as though we go through our whole lives wanting what we know will make us feel more whole, more of ourselves; more of who we are. And whether what we want is seen as bad or good, we still have that desire. It’s in our nature. It is simply what we want. And acquiring the object of one’s desire makes one feel whole. It’s true. Socrates said it best; â€Å"all men desire good things† (Plato 77C). What lead himRead MoreThe Truth About Gmos?2219 Words   |  9 PagesThe Truth about GMOs The world we live in today is in no doubt constantly changing all thanks to the technological and scientific advancements. These advancements are what have led to the birth of molecular genetics which is the genesis of improvements in the field of agriculture. Food is a very crucial part of human survival, and while it may be abundant in many developed countries, the same cannot be said about the developing countries. A 2015 report by FAO on the state of food insecurity satesRead MoreThe Truth about Stories2186 Words   |  9 PagesIn â€Å"The Truth about Stories†, Thomas King, demonstrate connection between the Native storytelling and the authentic world. He examines various themes in the stories such as; oppression, racism, identity and discrimination. He uses the creational stories and implies in to the world today and points out the racism and identity issues the Native people went through and are going through. The surroundings shape individuals’ life and a stor y plays vital roles. How one tells a story has huge impact onRead MoreThe Truth About Vaccines1477 Words   |  6 Pagesthe devastating effects of deadly diseases. When responding to a question about why so many people fear shots, Herschel Lessin, pediatrician at the Children’s Medical Group in Poughkeepsie, New York, states that â€Å"In reality, shots don’t ‘hurt’ that much†¦It’s the suffering brought on by the phobia of needles that brings on the pain† (Davis). Trypanophobia, or â€Å"needle phobia† is one of the most common fears around, with about ten percent of all Americans having it. The irrational fear of needles isRead MoreThe Truth About The Boy1365 Words   |  6 Pagesmy daughter. Well, the boy looked a bit soft to me and giggles constantly. Actually, I wouldn’t have been surprised to find out that the boy liked other boys and was hoping my daughter might help him find the perfect boyfriend. I didn’t k now much about the Benson family, other than they were distant cousins to some man Elena was once in a relationship with. I knew she wasn’t having an affair with the man for two reasons. First was the fact that he had been happily married for several years

Abraham Lincoln Rhetorical Analysis - 998 Words

President Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth president of the United States, was the president during the time of Civil War. This meant that he was tasked with the responsibility of getting America through the war in one piece, or as close to it as possible. During the war, he had two main goals- one, to preserve the Union and, two, to abolish slavery. These goals did not stay the same during the war, however they did remain close. President Abraham Lincoln’s goals in the civil war were changed because of Lincoln’s use of humor, literary ability, and desire to keep conflict to a minimum. Lincoln’s use of humor in politics allowed him to be persuasive and make points, in turn providing him with a better chance to preserve the Union during the war.†¦show more content†¦Lincoln’s love of Shakespeare grew out of his love of fine writing [...] he worked hard to improve his own vocabulary, grammar, and lucidity of expression.5 These elements factored into Lincoln’s intellectual status over time. It has even been said that Lincoln had the most literary merit out of all past presidents of that time. This allowed him to attract many more followers because of his scholarly reputation. Lincoln’s education did not always help him, though. For instance, it was noted that his decisions to supply Fort Sumter and his later call for troops led to the secession of four more southern states.6 In turn, this later affected Lincoln’s alternate goal of preserving the Union as well, with four more states leaving and further splitting up the United States. Nevertheless, Lincoln was undeniably an extremely strong reader and writer. Thinking in the long term, Lincoln’s academic merit aided him in gaining many followers and much support, allowing him to better achieve his goals during the Civil War. Although Lincoln mostly favored the side of the Union, slavery was not totally abolished, due to his desire to cause the least amount of conflict possible. Many have said that the Emancipation Proclamation freed all slaves. However, thatShow MoreRelatedAbraham Lincoln Rhetorical Analysis988 Words   |  4 Pagesprincipal technique used in uniting a nation such as the United States is electing respected leaders. Abraham Lincoln and George Washington are respected leaders featured in the works that described their aims to unite the nation. Abraham Lincoln illustrated how he was extremely â€Å"devoted †¦ to saving the union† and that is the dominant rationale for him becoming president for the second time (Lincoln 13). Inscribed within Lincoln’s speech was pathos, which was used to prove that he had a goal and heRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Gettysburg Address By Abraham Lincoln813 Words   |  4 PagesKatrina Ta Giang 22 December 2017 AP Language and Composition(7) Mrs. Faumuina Speech Analysis Essay: The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln â€Å"The Battle of Gettysburg, fought from July 1 to July 3, 1863, is considered the most important engagement of the American Civil War†(History). It was a battle in Gettysburg Pennsylvania, consisting of the Union Army and the Confederate Army. The main purpose behind this battle was due to â€Å"Robert E. Lees plan to invade the North and force an immediateRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Speech939 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Four score and seven years ago†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the first six words of the famous speech given by Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863. Considering the brevity and simplicity of the speech, this powerful masterpiece has impacted citizens of the United States for generations. By further analysis, I have found a few tricks that give this piece its’ powerful punch. I propose the wise use of timing, emotion and rhetorical devices used in his speech all contributed to creating this legendary dialogue. First, theRead MoreRhetoric al Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address1564 Words   |  7 PagesA rhetorical analysis explores nonfictional works and determine if the techniques used make the piece effective (Texas AM University). The Gettysburg Address is one of the most notorious speeches. A rhetorical analysis of this legendary speech would reveal the key components that made it so prominent. The evaluation of the genre, and rhetorical devices, ethos, pathos, and logos, in the speech show how the piece was effective. Abraham Lincoln is one of the most renowned presidents in history. DuringRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Speech860 Words   |  4 PagesOn March 4, 1865 Abraham Lincoln addressed the American populous for a second time, in what was known as his second inaugural address, marking his second term in presidency, and his second address attending to a divided and strained nation. As the Civil War marched closer to resolution the American populous wished for someone or so mething to blame: A target to vent the pains of the nation’s conflict, yet instead of condemnation of either side Lincoln offered the concept of inclusion: neither wishedRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address 1669 Words   |  7 PagesFinal Take-Home Questions AUHIS 454: the Civil War Zoraa Lutas QUESTION 1 Abraham Lincoln speech given at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania on November 19, 1863 was described by Senator Charles Sumner, in 1865, stating â€Å"the battle itself was less important than the speech.† Explain. U.S. President Abraham Lincoln was not given the spotlight at the Soldiers’ National Cemetery on November 19, 1863, and was instead invited to give a few remarks. In fact Edward Everett’s speech would have been the officialRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Gettysburg Address981 Words   |  4 Pagesstatement in which Abraham Lincoln started â€Å"The Gettysburg Address†.152 years ago, Lincoln delivered this well-known speech in front of an audience who was searching for help during a time of war. Some may believe it was not an inspiration why others will say it was. To some Americans, it might have even brought faith. Just like any other work, this essay was composed of a rhetorical situation and rhetorical devices; which can be broken down into specific factors. The rhetorical situation and devicesRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Abraham Lincoln s Second Inaugural Address1234 Words   |  5 PagesTiana Lanier Professor Lara Chapman Rhetorical Communication: A Theory of Civil Discourse July 7th, 2015 Rhetorical Discourse in Two Distinct Pieces of Work; Abraham Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address Emily Dickinson’s Success is Counted Sweetest Rhetoric is often denoted to as the art of persuasion. A set of linguistic traits and semantics used to evoke emotional responses from its intended audience, opening the floor for unanticipated influence by said audience. It would be an atrocity to ignoreRead MoreAbraham Lincoln : The Great Emancipator1590 Words   |  7 PagesSarmiento 6 Abraham Lincoln: The Great Emancipator During Abraham Lincoln’s presidency, the United States was divided into North and South, who were at war with one another. Recognizing the nation needed a determined leader to guide them into prosperity, Lincoln devised his plan for success. Lincoln’s attempts to preserve the North, while uniting them with the South seemed to be failing as the war continued throughout his first term. Once Lincoln got reelected in 1864, he set out to succeed inRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Essay examples842 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Rhetorical Analysis Abraham Lincoln’s â€Å"Second Inaugural Address† and Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"Success is Counted Sweet,† are two inspirational pieces of art that fall under two different types of discourses. The â€Å"Second Inaugural Address,† is a great example and definition of what Rhetoric is. It encompasses all four resources of languages- argument, appeal, arrangement, and artistic devices. â€Å"Success is Counted Sweet,† doesn’t cover the four resources of language that apply to rhetoric; therefore, it

Consumer Research in the Early Stages of New Product...

Consumer research in the early stages of new product development Issues and applications in the food domain Ellen van Kleef Promotor: Co-promotor: prof. dr. ir. J.C.M. van Trijp Hoogleraar in de marktkunde en het consumentengedrag Wageningen Universiteit dr. ir. P.A. Luning Universitair docent Leerstoelgroep Productontwerpen en Kwaliteitskunde Wageningen Universiteit Promotiecommissie: prof. dr. ir. M.A.J.S. van Boekel, Wageningen Universiteit, Nederland prof. dr. K.G. Grunert, The Aarhus School of Business, Denmark prof. dr. C.M.J. van Woerkum, Wageningen Universiteit, Nederland prof. dr. J.P.L. Schoormans, Technische Universiteit Delft, Nederland Dit onderzoek is uitgevoerd binnen de onderzoekschool VLAG (Voeding,†¦show more content†¦Chapter 4 illustrates the problem of successful functional food innovation. This chapter provides insight in a number of strategic decisions that have to be taken in the early stages of the development process in relation to health claim formulation, segment determination and product selection. Chapter 5 provides a comprehensive conceptual and empirical comparison of internal and external preference analysis. In addition to a comparison on statistical criteria, this study explicitly takes the end-user perspective into account by comparing both techniques on various end-user criteria. The final empirical chapter in this thesis (chapter 6) studies the added value of the innovation templates approach in generating and screening new product ideas. Chapter 7 summarizes the results of the previous chapters and describes the limitations of this thesis. Overall, the results of this thesis contr ibute to the better recognition of the importance of consumer research in early stages of new product development and suggest methodologies that could support effective marketing-RD interfacing early in the process. Voorwoord De vroege fase in de ontwikkeling van nieuwe producten is van cruciaal belang voor het uiteindelijke succes van een product. Dit is echter geen makkelijke fase, omdat vele mogelijkheden nog open liggen en keuzes gemaakt moeten worden. Hetzelfde geldt voor het schrijven van een proefschrift. Het valt niet altijd mee om de juiste onderzoeksvragen teShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis-Pfizer1401 Words   |  6 Pagespharmaceutical and consumer products company, which discovers, develops, manufactures, and markets medicines for humans and animals. The company consists of three SBUs (Strategic Business Units): †¢ †¢Health Care †¢ †¢Animal Health †¢ †¢Consumer Health Care The company produces the impotence treatment Viagra, cholesterol lowering Lipitor and, for high blood pressure and angina, Norvasc. The animal division produces treatment both for livestock and pets. The companys consumer division produces the consumer drugsRead MoreSWOT Analysis - Pfizer Essay1366 Words   |  6 Pagespharmaceutical and consumer products company, which discovers, develops, manufactures, and markets medicines for humans and animals. The company consists of three SBUs (Strategic Business Units): †¢ †¢Health Care †¢ †¢Animal Health †¢ †¢Consumer Health Care The company produces the impotence treatment Viagra, cholesterol lowering Lipitor and, for high blood pressure and angina, Norvasc. The animal division produces treatment both for livestock and pets. The companys consumer division producesRead MoreProduct Development1425 Words   |  6 Pagesthe generic product development process. The product development process represents the basic sequence of steps or activities that a firm employs to conceive, design, and bring a product to market (Jacobs Chase, 2011). The process consists of six phases. Many of the phases involve intellectual activities rather than physical activities. Many firms use the generic product development process but others have more defined and precise process geared towards their functions and products. Read MoreManaging the New Product Development Process: Strategic Imperatives938 Words   |  4 PagesManaging the new product development process: Strategic imperatives Background The article published by Academy of Management, â€Å"Managing the new product development process: Strategic imperatives† focuses on the issues regarding new product development, its processes and strategies. Now a days, new product development is single most important factor that leads to firm’s success or failure for many industries. Though the new product failure are still high the importance of new product development has grownRead MoreStrategic Elements of Product Development1620 Words   |  7 PagesNew Product Development Process The new product development process is the second strategic elements of product development. It is important for company to manage their new product into the market. As stated by Cooper (1994), â€Å"a formal blueprint, roadmap, template or thought process for driving a new product project from the idea stage through to market launch and beyond† (p.3). Crawford and Di Benedetto (2011) also mentioned that the new product process is the way from idea to the period of establishingRead Morelinear models of innovation are poorly suited to todays business environment1654 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Introduction What is innovation? Innovation is not creation or invention. Innovation is not a simple concept of create or invent a new product either. It is innovation that is to build a new successful product or a theory which will be accepted by people in the market. And linear models of innovation are a description of innovation process. It is a unidirectional, incremental process from basic science, applied science, design or engineering, manufacturing to marketing. To linear models, knowledgeRead More The Product Life Cycle Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesThe Product Life Cycle Every product have a beginning and have an end which means they have a life span. The stages through which individual products develop by time is called ‘Product Life cycle’. The Product life cycle has four major stage which are:  ¨ Introduction Stage  ¨ Growth Stage  ¨ Maturity Stage  ¨ Decline Stage Products experience each of these stages at different times and at one point in time a firm may also have a range of different products at different stages inRead MoreProduct Life Cycle Of Pepsi1102 Words   |  5 PagesProduct Life Cycle of Pepsi There are five key stages of the product life cycle: 1) Pre-launch – no sales and profit are made because the product is still in development. 2) Introduction – initial sales are made to innovators, consumers who enjoy trying new products, but these are insufficient to recuperate development costs 3) Growth – sales being to increase rapidly as the product gains popularity among the early majority. It is at this stage that profits are first generated. 4) Maturity – thisRead MoreOperations Strategy at Galanz1633 Words   |  7 Pagesthe order winners/order qualifiers for Galanz in the microwave oven business during the early stage of its development? Quality is one of most important factors for order qualifiers because it provided reliability for customers to use them. However, the low-price strategy was the order winner during the early stage of development of Galanz. To win orders, Galanz adopted a low-price strategy. Low product prices which can be afforded by domestic market triggered more demand. With this increasedRead MoreProduct Life Cycle ( Plc )1492 Words   |  6 PagesProduct Life Cycle (PLC) Introduction:- A new product passes through set of stages known as product life cycle. Product life cycle applies to both brand and category of products. Its time period vary from product to product. Modern product life cycles are becoming shorter and shorter as products in mature stages are being renewed by market segmentation and product differentiation. About:- Product life cycle comprises four stages: a) Introduction stage b) Growth stage c) Maturity

Digital Fortress Chapter 94-99 Free Essays

Chapter 94 Midge Milken stood fuming at the water cooler near the entrance to the conference room. What the hell is Fontaine doing? She crumpled her paper cup and threw it forcefully into the trash can. There’s something happening in Crypto! I can feel it! Midge knew there was only one way to prove herself right. We will write a custom essay sample on Digital Fortress Chapter 94-99 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She’d go check out Crypto herself-track down Jabba if need be. She spun on her heel and headed for the door. Brinkerhoff appeared out of nowhere, blocking her way. â€Å"Where are you headed?† â€Å"Home!† Midge lied. Brinkerhoff refused to let her pass. Midge glared. â€Å"Fontaine told you not to let me out, didn’t he?† Brinkerhoff looked away. â€Å"Chad, I’m telling you, there’s something happening in Crypto-something big. I don’t know why Fontaine’s playing dumb, but TRANSLTR’s in trouble. Something is not right down there tonight!† â€Å"Midge,† he soothed, walking past her toward the curtained conference room windows, â€Å"let’s let the director handle it.† Midge’s gaze sharpened. â€Å"Do you have any idea what happens to TRANSLTR if the cooling system fails?† Brinkerhoff shrugged and approached the window. â€Å"Power’s probably back on-line by now anyway.† He pulled apart the curtains and looked. â€Å"Still dark?† Midge asked. But Brinkerhoff did not reply. He was spellbound. The scene below in the Crypto dome was unimaginable. The entire glass cupola was filled with spinning lights, flashing strobes, and swirling steam. Brinkerhoff stood transfixed, teetering light-headed against the glass. Then, in a frenzy of panic, he raced out. â€Å"Director! Director!† Chapter 95 The blood of Christ†¦ the cup of salvation†¦ People gathered around the slumped body in the pew. Overhead, the frankincense swung its peaceful arcs. Hulohot wheeled wildly in the center aisle and scanned the church. He’s got to be here! He spun back toward the altar. Thirty rows ahead, holy communion was proceeding uninterrupted. Padre Gustaphes Herrera, the head chalice bearer, glanced curiously at the quiet commotion in one of the center pews; he was not concerned. Sometimes some of the older folks were overcome by the holy spirit and passed out. A little air usually did the trick. Meanwhile, Hulohot was searching frantically. Becker was nowhere in sight. A hundred or so people were kneeling at the long altar receiving communion. Hulohot wondered if Becker was one of them. He scanned their backs. He was prepared to shoot from fifty yards away and make a dash for it. El cuerpo de Jesus, el pan del cielo. The young priest serving Becker communion gave him a disapproving stare. He could understand the stranger’s eagerness to receive communion, but it was no excuse to cut inline. Becker bowed his head and chewed the wafer as best he could. He sensed something was happening behind him, some sort of disturbance. He thought of the man from whom he’d bought the jacket and hoped he had listened to his warning and not taken Becker’s in exchange. He started to turn and look, but he feared the wire-rim glasses would be staring back. He crouched in hopes his black jacket was covering the back of his khaki pants. It was not. The chalice was coming quickly from his right. People were already swallowing their wine, crossing themselves, and standing to leave. Slow down! Becker was in no hurry to leave the altar. But with two thousand people waiting for communion and only eight priests serving, it was considered bad form to linger over a sip of wine. The chalice was just to the right of Becker when Hulohot spotted the mismatched khaki pants. â€Å"Estas ya muerto,† he hissed softly. â€Å"You’re already dead.† Hulohot moved up the center aisle. The time for subtlety had passed. Two shots in the back, and he would grab the ring and run. The biggest taxi stand in Seville was half a block away on Mateus Gago. He reached for his weapon. Adios, Senor Becker†¦ La sangre de Cristo, la copa de la salvacion. The thick scent of red wine filled Becker’s nostrils as Padre Herrera lowered the hand-polished, silver chalice. Little early for drinking, Becker thought as he leaned forward. But as the silver goblet dropped past eye level, there was a blur of movement. A figure, coming fast, his shape warped in the reflection of the cup. Becker saw a flash of metal, a weapon being drawn. Instantly, unconsciously, like a runner from a starting block at the sound of a gun, Becker was vaulting forward. The priest fell back in horror as the chalice sailed through the air, and red wine rained down on white marble. Priests and altar boys went scattering as Becker dove over the communion rail. A silencer coughed out a single shot. Becker landed hard, and the shot exploded in the marble floor beside him. An instant later he was tumbling down three granite stairs into the valle, a narrow passageway through which the clergy entered, allowing them to rise onto the altar as if by divine grace. At the bottom of the steps, he stumbled and dove. Becker felt himself sliding out of control across the slick polished stone. A dagger of pain shot though his gut as he landed on his side. A moment later he was stumbling through a curtained entryway and down a set of wooden stairs. Pain. Becker was running, through a dressing room. It was dark. There were screams from the altar. Loud footsteps in pursuit. Becker burst through a set of double doors and stumbled into some sort of study. It was dark, furnished with rich Orientals and polished mahogany. On the far wall was a life-size crucifix. Becker staggered to a stop. Dead end. He was at the tip of the cross. He could hear Hulohot closing fast. Becker stared at the crucifix and cursed his bad luck. â€Å"Goddamn it!† he screamed. There was the sudden sound of breaking glass to Becker’s left. He wheeled. A man in red robes gasped and turned to eye Becker in horror. Like a cat caught with a canary, the holy man wiped his mouth and tried to hide the broken bottle of holy communion wine at his feet. â€Å"Salida!† Becker demanded. â€Å"Salida!† Let me out! Cardinal Guerra reacted on instinct. A demon had entered his sacred chambers screaming for deliverance from the house of God. Guerra would grant him that wish-immediately. The demon had entered at a most inopportune moment. Pale, the cardinal pointed to a curtain on the wall to his left. Hidden behind the curtain was a door. He’d installed it three years ago. It led directly to the courtyard outside. The cardinal had grown tired of exiting the church through the front door like a common sinner. Chapter 96 Susan was wet and shivering, huddled on the Node 3 couch. Strathmore draped his suit coat over her shoulders. Hale’s body lay a few yards away. The sirens blared. Like ice thawing on a frozen pond, TRANSLTR’s hull let out a sharp crack. â€Å"I’m going down to kill power,† Strathmore said, laying a reassuring hand on her shoulder. â€Å"I’ll be right back.† Susan stared absently after the commander as he dashed across the Crypto floor. He was no longer the catatonic man she’d seen ten minutes before. Commander Trevor Strathmore was back-logical, controlled, doing whatever was necessary to get the job done. The final words of Hale’s suicide note ran through her mind like a train out of control: Above all, I’m truly sorry about David Becker. Forgive me, I was blinded by ambition. Susan Fletcher’s nightmare had just been confirmed. David was in danger†¦ or worse. Maybe it was already too late. I’m truly sorry about David Becker. She stared at the note. Hale hadn’t even signed it-he’d just typed his name at the bottom: Greg Hale. He’d poured out his guts, pressed print, and then shot himself-just like that. Hale had sworn he’d never go back to prison; he’d kept his vow-he’d chosen death instead. â€Å"David†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She sobbed. David! At that moment, ten feet below the Crypto floor, Commander Strathmore stepped off the ladder onto the first landing. It had been a day of fiascoes. What had started out as a patriotic mission had swerved wildly out of control. The commander had been forced to make impossible decisions, commit horrific acts-acts he’d never imagined himself capable of. It was a solution! It was the only damn solution! There was duty to think of: country and honor. Strathmore knew there was still time. He could shut down TRANSLTR. He could use the ring to save the country’s most valuable databank. Yes, he thought, there was still time. Strathmore looked out over the disaster around him. The overhead sprinklers were on. TRANSLTR was groaning. The sirens blared. The spinning lights looked like helicopters closing in through dense fog. With every step, all he could see was Greg Hale-the young cryptographer gazing up, his eyes pleading, and then, the shot. Hale’s death was for country†¦ for honor. The NSA could not afford another scandal. Strathmore needed a scapegoat. Besides, Greg Hale was a disaster waiting to happen. Strathmore’s thoughts were jarred free by the sound of his cellular. It was barely audible over the sirens and hissing fumes. He snatched it off his belt without breaking stride. â€Å"Speak.† â€Å"Where’s my pass-key?† a familiar voice demanded. â€Å"Who is this?† Strathmore yelled over the din. â€Å"It’s Numataka!† the angry voice bellowed back. â€Å"You promised me a pass-key!† Strathmore kept moving. â€Å"I want Digital Fortress!† Numataka hissed. â€Å"There is no Digital Fortress!† Strathmore shot back. â€Å"What?† â€Å"There is no unbreakable algorithm!† â€Å"Of course there is! I’ve seen it on the Internet! My people have been trying to unlock it for days!† â€Å"It’s an encrypted virus, you fool-and you’re damn lucky you can’t open it!† â€Å"But-â€Å" â€Å"The deal is off!† Strathmore yelled. â€Å"I’m not North Dakota. There is no North Dakota! Forget I ever mentioned it!† He clamped the cellular shut, turned off the ringer, and rammed it back on his belt. There would be no more interruptions. Twelve thousand miles away, Tokugen Numataka stood stunned at his plate-glass window. His Umami cigar hung limply in his mouth. The deal of his lifetime had just disintegrated before his eyes. Strathmore kept descending. The deal is off. Numatech Corp. would never get the unbreakable algorithm†¦ and the NSA would never get its back door. Strathmore’s dream had been a long time in the planning-he’d chosen Numatech carefully. Numatech was wealthy, a likely winner of the pass-key auction. No one would think twice if it ended up with the key. Conveniently there was no company less likely to be suspected of consorting with the U.S. government. Tokugen Numataka was old-world Japan-death before dishonor. He hated Americans. He hated their food, he hated their customs, and most of all, he hated their grip on the world’s software market. Strathmore’s vision had been bold-a world encryption standard with a back door for the NSA. He’d longed to share his dream with Susan, to carry it out with her by his side, but he knew he could not. Even though Ensei Tankado’s death would save thousands of lives in the future, Susan would never have agreed; she was a pacifist. I’m a pacifist too, thought Strathmore, I just don’t have the luxury of acting like one. There had never been any doubt in the commander’s mind who would kill Tankado. Tankado was in Spain-and Spain meant Hulohot. The forty-two-year-old Portuguese mercenary was one of the commander’s favorite pros. He’d been working for the NSA for years. Born and raised in Lisbon, Hulohot had done work for the NSA all over Europe. Never once had his kills been traced back to Fort Meade. The only catch was that Hulohot was deaf; telephone communication was impossible. Recently Strathmore had arranged for Hulohot to receive the NSA’s newest toy, the Monocle computer. Strathmore bought himself a SkyPager and programmed it to the same frequency. From that moment on, his communication with Hulohot was not only instantaneous but also entirely untraceable. The first message Strathmore had sent Hulohot left little room for misunderstanding. They had already discussed it. Kill Ensei Tankado. Obtain pass-key. Strathmore never asked how Hulohot worked his magic, but somehow he had done it again. Ensei Tankado was dead, and the authorities were convinced it was a heart attack. A textbook kill-except for one thing. Hulohot had misjudged the location. Apparently Tankado dying in a public place was a necessary part of the illusion. But unexpectedly, the public had appeared too soon. Hulohot was forced into hiding before he could search the body for the pass-key. When the dust settled, Tankado’s body was in the hands of Seville’s coroner. Strathmore was furious. Hulohot had blown a mission for the first time ever-and he’d picked an inauspicious time to do it. Getting Tankado’s pass-key was critical, but Strathmore knew that sending a deaf assassin into the Seville morgue was a suicide mission. He had pondered his other options. A second scheme began to materialize. Strathmore suddenly saw a chance to win on two fronts-a chance to realize two dreams instead of just one. At six-thirty that morning, he had called David Becker. Chapter 97 Fontaine burst into the conference room at a full sprint. Brinkerhoff and Midge were close at his heels. â€Å"Look!† Midge choked, motioning frantically to the window. Fontaine looked out the window at the strobes in the Crypto dome. His eyes went wide. This was definitely not part of the plan. Brinkerhoff sputtered. â€Å"It’s a goddamn disco down there!† Fontaine stared out, trying to make sense of it. In the few years TRANSLTR had been operational, it had never done this. It’s overheating, he thought. He wondered why the hell Strathmore hadn’t shut it down. It took Fontaine only an instant to make up his mind. He snatched an interoffice phone off the conference table and punched the extension for Crypto. The receiver began beeping as if the extension were out of order. Fontaine slammed down the receiver. â€Å"Damn it!† He immediately picked up again and dialed Strathmore’s private cellular line. This time the line began to ring. Six rings went by. Brinkerhoff and Midge watched as Fontaine paced the length of his phone cable like a tiger on a chain. After a full minute, Fontaine was crimson with rage. He slammed down the receiver again. â€Å"Unbelievable!† he bellowed. â€Å"Crypto’s about to blow, and Strathmore won’t answer his goddamn phone!† Chapter 98 Hulohot burst out of Cardinal Guerra’s chambers into the blinding morning sun. He shielded his eyes and cursed. He was standing outside the cathedral in a small patio, bordered by a high stone wall, the west face of the Giralda tower, and two wrought-iron fences. The gate was open. Outside the gate was the square. It was empty. The walls of Santa Cruz were in the distance. There was no way Becker could have made it so far so quickly. Hulohot turned and scanned the patio. He’s in here. He must be! The patio, Jardin de los Naranjos, was famous in Seville for its twenty blossoming orange trees. The trees were renowned in Seville as the birthplace of English marmalade. An eighteenth-century English trader had purchased three dozen bushels of oranges from the Seville church and taken them back to London only to find the fruit inedibly bitter. He tried to make jam from the rinds and ended up having to add pounds of sugar just to make it palatable. Orange marmalade had been born. Hulohot moved forward through the grove, gun leveled. The trees were old, and the foliage had moved high on their trunks. Their lowest branches were unreachable, and the thin bases provided no cover. Hulohot quickly saw the patio was empty. He looked straight up. The Giralda. The entrance to the Giralda’s spiral staircase was cordoned off by a rope and small wooden sign. The rope hung motionless. Hulohot’s eyes climbed the 419-foot tower and immediately knew it was a ridiculous thought. There was no way Becker would have been that stupid. The single staircase wound straight up to a square stone cubicle. There were narrow slits in the wall for viewing, but there was no way out. David Becker climbed the last of the steep stairs and staggered breathless into a tiny stone cubicle. There were high walls all around him and narrow slits in the perimeter. No exit. Fate had done Becker no favors this morning. As he’d dashed from the cathedral into the open courtyard, his jacket had caught on the door. The fabric had stopped him mid stride and swung him hard left before tearing. Becker was suddenly stumbling off balance into the blinding sun. When he’d looked up, he was heading straight for a staircase. He’d jumped over the rope and dashed up. By the time he realized where it led, it was too late. Now he stood in the confined cell and caught his breath. His side burned. Narrow slats of morning sun streamed through the openings in the wall. He looked out. The man in the wire-rim glasses was far below, his back to Becker, staring out at the plaza. Becker shifted his body in front of the crack for a better view. Cross the plaza, he willed him. The shadow of the Giralda lay across the square like a giant felled sequoia. Hulohot stared the length of it. At the far end, three slits of light cut through the tower’s viewing apertures and fell in crisp rectangles on the cobblestone below. One of those rectangles had just been blotted out by the shadow of a man. Without so much as a glance toward the top of the tower, Hulohot spun and dashed toward the Giralda stairs. Chapter 99 Fontaine pounded his fist into his hand. He paced the conference room and stared out at the spinning Crypto lights. â€Å"Abort! Goddamn it! Abort!† Midge appeared in the doorway waving a fresh readout. â€Å"Director! Strathmore can’t abort!† â€Å"What!† Brinkerhoff and Fontaine gasped in unison. â€Å"He tried, sir!† Midge held up the report. â€Å"Four times already! TRANSLTR’s locked in some sort of endless loop.† Fontaine spun and stared back out the window. â€Å"Jesus Christ!† The conference room phone rang sharply. The director threw up his arms. â€Å"It’s got to be Strathmore! About goddamn time!† Brinkerhoff scooped up the phone. â€Å"Director’s office.† Fontaine held out his hand for the receiver. Brinkerhoff looked uneasy and turned to Midge. â€Å"It’s Jabba. He wants you.† The director swung his gaze over to Midge, who was already crossing the room. She activated the speaker phone. â€Å"Go ahead, Jabba.† Jabba’s metallic voice boomed into the room. â€Å"Midge, I’m in the main databank. We’re showing some strange stuff down here. I was wondering if-â€Å" â€Å"Dammit, Jabba!† Midge came unglued. â€Å"That’s what I’ve been trying to tell you!† â€Å"It could be nothing,† Jabba hedged, â€Å"but-â€Å" â€Å"Stop saying that! It’s not nothing! Whatever’s going on down there, take it seriously, very seriously. My data isn’t fried-never has been, never will.† She started to hang up and then added, â€Å"Oh, and Jabba? Just so there aren’t any surprises†¦ Strathmore bypassed Gauntlet.† How to cite Digital Fortress Chapter 94-99, Essay examples

Beowulfs Origins Essay Example For Students

Beowulfs Origins Essay The origins of Beowulf predate the era of readily available manuscripts and texts for a common and, at the time, mostly illiterate peasantry to read. Though Beowulf was recorded in Old English, it can readily be assumed that its roots are to be found in the mostly oral traditions of the ancient Germanic tribes that roamed and settled much of Western Europe. Because of this heavy oral tradition, stories and legends were passed on by storytellers who would recite their tales from memory. Beowulf, in many ways, reflects this tradition in how it is told. Epics and ballads of considerable length may have needed repetition in order to be memorized easier, and Beowulf has many of its events told again and again. In that sense, a story being retold in Beowulf might be akin to refrain of a song. Also, it is quite possible that the especially more heroic events needed more emphasis, for killing Grendel was no small task, so repetition might have been used as a tool to remind the storytellers a s to which events within the Beowulf story were the most important. In essence, repetition in Beowulf was used both for memorization and event emphasis. First of all, repetition in Beowulf may be present as an aid for memorization. Though there are two different tales of Beowulfs heroism in water, it can be noted that both have many similarities. The first is told at the banquet before Beowulf it to face Grendel. Unferth, king Hrothgars spokesman, notes that Beowulf was bested by one Breca in a swimming contest. Though Beowulfs response is long and detailed, it is to be seen that he faced more than a few sea monsters. Rough were the waves; fishes in the sea were roused to great anger. Then my coat of mail, hard and hand-linked, guarded me against my enemiesA cruel ravager dragged me down to the sea-bed, a fierce monster held me tightly in its grasp (42). In his encounter with Grendels mother, much the same is to be seen after Beowulf dives into the lake. Then she grasped at him, clu tched the Geat in her ghastly claws; and yet she did not so much as scratch his skin; his coat of mail protected him; she could not penetrate the linked metal rings with her loathsome fingers (61). Though the stories take place at different times and under different circumstances, the parallels can easily be seen. From this, it can be surmised that for memorization purposes retelling the same story in a different way might be easier than telling a completely new one. Next, and perhaps more importantly, repetition stressed the important events that Beowulf undertook and marked them for the most important parts of the story. This can best be seen in the telling and oft repeated retelling of his encounter with Grendel. The first time it is told, obviously, is when the Geat performs the feat. However, following that, it is told again almost immediately to Hrothgar. I did not hold my deadly enemy firm enough for that; the fiend jerked free with immense power. Yet, so as to save his life, he left behind his hand (50). Again it is mentioned before Grendels mother attacks the thanes. Grendel, that hateful outcast, was surprised in the hall by a vigilant warrior spoiling for a fight. Grendel gripped and grabbed him there, but the Geat remembered his vast strengththus he overcame the envoy from hell, humbled his evil adversary (57). Beowulf himself tells of his fight with Grendel to King Hygelac. The demon monster meant to shove me in it, and many another innocent besides; that was beyond him after I leapt up, filled with furyGrendel escapedbut he left behind at Heorot his right hand (73). Though each telling is different in its length and wording, it can be derived that these repetitions are to strike the point home that while Beowulf did go on many different adventures and slay many beasts, the encounters that are repeated are the meat of the story and are the ones that are the most critical to be remembered and repeated. .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc , .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .postImageUrl , .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc , .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:hover , .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:visited , .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:active { border:0!important; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:active , .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1d673b2036732079dd882d46dd6135dc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Henry Ford Engineer Essay